Romania is located in the southeast of Europe, but also borders on Central and Southern Europe. There are land borders with Ukraine, Moldova, Bulgaria, Serbia and Hungary. The border with Ukraine is interrupted by Moldova, so there is a northern and a southern border with Ukraine. In the south, the Danube is the border river with Bulgaria and Serbia. In the east, Romania is located on the Black Sea with a length of 225 kilometers.


The Carpathians run through the middle of Romania. Because they run in an arc, one also speaks of the Carpathian arc. Its eastern and southern parts, the Eastern and Southern Carpathians, are located in Romania. To the west of it rises the Apuseni Mountains. Between the Carpathians and the Apuseni Mountains lies the Transylvanian Basin, a hilly country.
West of the Apuseni Mountains stretches the Pannonian Plain, which mainly belongs to Hungary and ends in Romania. To the south and east lies the Wallachian Plain (sometimes called the Romanian Plain).
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