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Istanbul City of Turkey (8,831,805 ab. in 2007; 11,800,000 ab. considering the entire urban agglomeration), the largest in the country, ancient capital of the Ottoman Empire, heir to Byzantium and Constantinople. Born in Turkish Thrace, on the two banks of the Golden Horn, between the Sea of Marmara and the Bosphorus, it then extended on the opposite bank of this and on stretches of the coast of the Sea of Marmara.(https://gezilecekyerler.com)
The climate is Mediterranean, (istanbul gezilecek yerler) with not very cold winters (average January 5-6 C C) and hot summers (average July 24 C The city is the main demographic and economic pole of the country. Its urban fabric, composite and discontinuous is rather disordered and irregular and is affected by the overlap of expansions that occurred in different eras, as well as the upheavals caused by numerous seismic events; extensive interventions have been carried out aimed at improving the roads and the rehabilitation of the old neighborhoods.
The oldest part of the city, which occupies the thinning tongue of land between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara, is connected by two bridges (built in 1838 and 1845) with the neighborhoods that arose between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, home to commercial activities and traditional residence of Europeans: the neighborhoods of Galata (founded by the Genoese after the fourth Crusade) and Pera (which dates back to 19 sec), which on the whole form the part of the city called Beo.
I. it has been the destination of a conspicuous immigration, the main factor of the rapid population growth (the inhabitants have quintupled during the 20 sec) and the consequent topographic expansion; this took place in different directions, also on the opposite bank of the Bosphorus, around the commercial district of Shkodra, with the formation of a large urban agglomeration extended to the maximum part of the territory of the two administrative districts of which I. is the capital. The connection between the two banks of the Bosphorus is ensured by two large bridges and an underwater railway tunnel.
The phase of decline that the city went through from the 1920s, after the end of the Ottoman Empire and the transfer of capital functions to Ankara, was then attenuated by a certain increase in industries covering different sectors, even if the automotive one prevails, developed especially followingoint The development of tertiary activities is important: the trade flows are very remarkable, the tourist movement is intense, the social and cultural services sector is robust (home to universities, scientific institutions, including a center for nuclear studies, libraries, museums). Important and traditional by rail between European and Asian countries, it has an active port, with a conspicuous movement of goods and passengers, and the large international airport of Y.
Soruce: Gezilecek yerler
